Add PCA9685 Usermod
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2026-02-19 22:09:06 +08:00
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{
// See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=827846
// for the documentation about the extensions.json format
"recommendations": [
"pioarduino.pioarduino-ide",
"platformio.platformio-ide"
],
"unwantedRecommendations": [

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# PCA9685 Usermod
This usermod allows you to control a PCA9685 16-channel 12-bit PWM Servo Driver via I2C.
## Features
- **Specific Control**: 4x RGB LEDs + 2x White LEDs via JSON API.
- **Animation Support**: Mirrors WLED internal pixels to PCA9685 channels, allowing WLED effects and segments to work on I2C LEDs.
## Installation
1. Copy the `usermods/pca9685` folder to your WLED `usermods` directory (if not already there).
2. Add the `Adafruit PWM Servo Driver Library` to your `lib_deps`.
In `platformio_override.ini`:
```ini
[env:usermods]
lib_deps =
adafruit/Adafruit PWM Servo Driver Library @ ^2.4.1
```
3. Register the usermod by adding `#include "usermods/pca9685/usermod_pca9685.h"` in `wled00/usermods_list.cpp` or ensuring it is picked up by the build system if configured that way (auto-discovery depends on WLED version, manual include is safer).
*However, WLED's `REGISTER_USERMOD` macro usually handles the hook if the file is included in the build.*
**Recommended:** Add `-D USERMOD_PCA9685` to your build flags and use `wled00/usermods_list.cpp` to conditionally include it if you want to keep it optional, OR just include the header if compiling a custom build.
## Configuration
Navigate to the "Usermods" settings page in WLED.
- **enabled**: Enable/Disable the usermod.
- **i2c_addr**: I2C address of the PCA9685 (default 64 / 0x40).
- **pwm_freq**: PWM frequency in Hz (default 50).
## Usage (JSON API)
### Smart Control (RGB & White)
Control 4 RGB LEDs and 2 White LEDs using standard 0-255 values.
* **RGB 1-4**: Mapped to channels 0-11 in groups of 3 (RGB).
* **White 1-2**: Mapped to channels 12 and 13.
**Example Payload:**
```json
{
"pca9685": {
"rgb": [
[255, 0, 0], // RGB 1 (Red)
[0, 255, 0], // RGB 2 (Green)
[0, 0, 255], // RGB 3 (Blue)
[255, 255, 0] // RGB 4 (Yellow)
],
"white": [
255, // White 1 (Full Brightness)
128 // White 2 (50% Brightness)
]
}
}
```
### Raw Channel Control
Directly control any channel (0-15) with raw PWM values (0-4096).
* `4096` = Fully On
* `0` = Fully Off
* `0-4095` = PWM Duty Cycle
**Example:**
```json
{
"pca9685": {
"14": 4096, // Turn Channel 14 ON
"15": 1024 // Set Channel 15 to 25% brightness
}
}
```
**Note:** Raw control overrides Smart Control if both are sent for the same channel.
## Configuration Guide for Animations
### 1. Simple Setup (PCA9685 ONLY)
If you only have the PCA9685 connected:
* Set **LED Preferences > Length** to `6`.
* Effect segments will map 1:1.
### 2. Hybrid Setup (NeoPixel Strip + PCA9685)
Example: 300 LED Strip + PCA9685.
1. **LED Preferences**:
* Set **Length** to `306` (300 for Strip + 6 for PCA).
* Set **LED Output 1** to control the first 300 LEDs (your physical strip).
2. **Usermod Config**:
* Set **pixelOffset** to `300`.
* *Result:* Pixels 0-299 are your strip. Pixels 300-305 are mirrored to PCA9685.
3. **Manual Control (White LEDs)**:
* If you want to control White LEDs manually via JSON API but keep RGB animations:
* Set **mirrorWhite** to `false`.
* Set **mirrorRgb** to `true`.
4. **Segments**:
* **Segment 0**: 0-300 (Main Strip)
* **Segment 1**: 300-304 (PCA RGB) -> Apply Rainbow effect here.
* **Segment 2**: 304-306 (PCA White) -> Manual control or Breathe effect.

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#pragma once
#include "wled.h"
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>
#include <Wire.h>
class Pca9685Usermod : public Usermod {
public:
// Configurable parameters
bool enabled = true;
uint8_t i2c_addr = 0x40;
uint16_t pwm_freq = 50;
// Scaling & Mirroring config
uint16_t pixelOffset = 0; // Start reading from this pixel index
bool mirrorRgb = true; // Mirror WLED pixels to PCA RGB channels
bool mirrorWhite = true; // Mirror WLED pixels to PCA White channels
// Runtime variables
Adafruit_PWMServoDriver *pwm = nullptr;
bool initDone = false;
// Strings for JSON keys to save flash
static const char _name[];
static const char _enabled[];
static const char _i2c_addr[];
static const char _pwm_freq[];
static const char _pixelOffset[];
static const char _mirrorRgb[];
static const char _mirrorWhite[];
void setup() {
if (pwm == nullptr) {
pwm = new Adafruit_PWMServoDriver(i2c_addr);
}
// Initialize I2C if not already done by WLED
if (i2c_scl >= 0 && i2c_sda >= 0) {
if (!Wire.getClock()) { // Check if Wire is already initialized
Wire.begin(i2c_sda, i2c_scl);
}
} else {
enabled = false;
return;
}
initPca9685();
}
void initPca9685() {
if (!enabled) return;
if (pwm) {
pwm->begin();
pwm->setOscillatorFrequency(27000000);
pwm->setPWMFreq(pwm_freq); // This is the maximum PWM frequency
initDone = true;
DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("PCA9685 init done"));
}
}
void loop() {
if (!enabled || !initDone || strip.isUpdating()) return;
// Mirror WLED pixels to PCA9685
// Uses pixelOffset to determine where to read from in the WLED strip
// RGB Channels (0-11)
if (mirrorRgb) {
// RGB 1 (Channels 0,1,2) <- Pixel Offset + 0
uint32_t c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 0);
setPwmValue(0, (uint16_t)(((c >> 16) & 0xFF) * 16.06)); // R
setPwmValue(1, (uint16_t)(((c >> 8) & 0xFF) * 16.06)); // G
setPwmValue(2, (uint16_t)((c & 0xFF) * 16.06)); // B
// RGB 2 (Channels 3,4,5) <- Pixel Offset + 1
c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 1);
setPwmValue(3, (uint16_t)(((c >> 16) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(4, (uint16_t)(((c >> 8) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(5, (uint16_t)((c & 0xFF) * 16.06));
// RGB 3 (Channels 6,7,8) <- Pixel Offset + 2
c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 2);
setPwmValue(6, (uint16_t)(((c >> 16) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(7, (uint16_t)(((c >> 8) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(8, (uint16_t)((c & 0xFF) * 16.06));
// RGB 4 (Channels 9,10,11) <- Pixel Offset + 3
c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 3);
setPwmValue(9, (uint16_t)(((c >> 16) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(10, (uint16_t)(((c >> 8) & 0xFF) * 16.06));
setPwmValue(11, (uint16_t)((c & 0xFF) * 16.06));
}
// White Channels (12, 13)
if (mirrorWhite) {
// White 1 (Channel 12) <- Pixel Offset + 4
uint32_t c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 4);
uint8_t w = (c >> 24) & 0xFF; // Try to get White component
if (w == 0) {
uint8_t r = (c >> 16) & 0xFF;
uint8_t g = (c >> 8) & 0xFF;
uint8_t b = c & 0xFF;
w = max(r, max(g, b));
}
setPwmValue(12, (uint16_t)(w * 16.06));
// White 2 (Channel 13) <- Pixel Offset + 5
c = strip.getPixelColor(pixelOffset + 5);
w = (c >> 24) & 0xFF; // Try to get White component
if (w == 0) {
uint8_t r = (c >> 16) & 0xFF;
uint8_t g = (c >> 8) & 0xFF;
uint8_t b = c & 0xFF;
w = max(r, max(g, b));
}
setPwmValue(13, (uint16_t)(w * 16.06));
}
}
// Helper to set PWM value safely
void setPwmValue(int channel, uint16_t value) {
if (channel < 0 || channel > 15) return;
if (value > 4095) value = 4096;
if (value == 4096) {
pwm->setPWM(channel, 4096, 0);
} else if (value == 0) {
pwm->setPWM(channel, 0, 4096);
} else {
pwm->setPWM(channel, 0, value);
}
}
// JSON API to set PWM values
// usage: {"pca9685":{"0": 2048, "1": 4096}}
// values 0-4096. 4096 = fully on, 0 = fully off.
void readFromJsonState(JsonObject& root) {
if (!initDone || !enabled) return;
if (root["pca9685"].is<JsonObject>()) {
JsonObject pcaJson = root["pca9685"];
// Handle specific RGB/White control
// Format: "rgb": [[r,g,b], [r,g,b], [r,g,b], [r,g,b]]
if (pcaJson["rgb"].is<JsonArray>()) {
JsonArray rgbArr = pcaJson["rgb"];
for (int i = 0; i < 4 && i < rgbArr.size(); i++) {
if (rgbArr[i].is<JsonArray>()) {
JsonArray color = rgbArr[i];
// Map RGB i to channels
// RGB 1: 0,1,2 | RGB 2: 3,4,5 | RGB 3: 6,7,8 | RGB 4: 9,10,11
int baseChannel = i * 3;
if (color.size() >= 3) {
setPwmValue(baseChannel, (uint16_t)(color[0].as<uint8_t>() * 16.06)); // R 0-255 -> 0-4096
setPwmValue(baseChannel+1, (uint16_t)(color[1].as<uint8_t>() * 16.06)); // G
setPwmValue(baseChannel+2, (uint16_t)(color[2].as<uint8_t>() * 16.06)); // B
}
}
}
}
// Format: "white": [w1, w2]
if (pcaJson["white"].is<JsonArray>()) {
JsonArray whiteArr = pcaJson["white"];
// White 1: 12 | White 2: 13
if (whiteArr.size() >= 1) setPwmValue(12, (uint16_t)(whiteArr[0].as<uint8_t>() * 16.06));
if (whiteArr.size() >= 2) setPwmValue(13, (uint16_t)(whiteArr[1].as<uint8_t>() * 16.06));
}
// Handle raw channel control (overrides specific if both present)
for (JsonPair kv : pcaJson) {
// Skip "rgb" and "white" keys
if (strcmp(kv.key().c_str(), "rgb") == 0 || strcmp(kv.key().c_str(), "white") == 0) continue;
int channel = atoi(kv.key().c_str());
uint16_t value = kv.value().as<uint16_t>();
setPwmValue(channel, value);
}
}
}
void addToConfig(JsonObject& root) {
JsonObject top = root.createNestedObject(FPSTR(_name));
top[FPSTR(_enabled)] = enabled;
top[FPSTR(_i2c_addr)] = i2c_addr;
top[FPSTR(_pwm_freq)] = pwm_freq;
top[FPSTR(_pixelOffset)] = pixelOffset;
top[FPSTR(_mirrorRgb)] = mirrorRgb;
top[FPSTR(_mirrorWhite)] = mirrorWhite;
}
bool readFromConfig(JsonObject& root) {
JsonObject top = root[FPSTR(_name)];
if (top.isNull()) {
return false;
}
bool configComplete = !top.isNull();
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_enabled)], enabled);
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_i2c_addr)], i2c_addr);
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_pwm_freq)], pwm_freq);
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_pixelOffset)], pixelOffset);
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_mirrorRgb)], mirrorRgb);
configComplete &= getJsonValue(top[FPSTR(_mirrorWhite)], mirrorWhite);
if (initDone && !enabled) {
// If disabled at runtime, maybe we should de-init?
// For now just stop updating.
// There is no easy "end()" in the library.
}
if (!initDone && enabled) {
// Re-init if re-enabled or params changed?
// Simpler to just assume reboot for major param changes like address
// But we can update freq
if (pwm) {
pwm->setPWMFreq(pwm_freq);
}
}
return configComplete;
}
uint16_t getId() {
return USERMOD_ID_UNSPECIFIED; // We don't have a reserved ID, using generic
}
};
const char Pca9685Usermod::_name[] PROGMEM = "PCA9685";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_enabled[] PROGMEM = "enabled";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_i2c_addr[] PROGMEM = "i2c_addr";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_pwm_freq[] PROGMEM = "pwm_freq";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_pixelOffset[] PROGMEM = "pixelOffset";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_mirrorRgb[] PROGMEM = "mirrorRgb";
const char Pca9685Usermod::_mirrorWhite[] PROGMEM = "mirrorWhite";
static Pca9685Usermod pca9685Usermod;
REGISTER_USERMOD(pca9685Usermod);

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wled00/usermods_list.cpp Normal file
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#include "wled.h"
#include "../usermods/pca9685/usermod_pca9685.h"